Revealing Facts about India’s Freedom Struggle by RAJNIKANT PURANIK

Author:RAJNIKANT PURANIK [Puranik, Rajnikant]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Published: 2017-10-13T05:00:00+00:00

Lord Curzon

(1899–1905)

1899-1900 was the period of severe famine that claimed lakhs of lives in the areas of Agra, Oudh, Bengal, Central Provinces, Rajputana, and Gujarat. The British Government, as also the Princely States, failed to rise to the occasion.

Famine led to the realisation for better irrigation, and an Irrigation Commission was set up in 1901, as per whose recommendations a network of canals were setup in Punjab over the next two decades.

Curzon set up a Police Commission in 1902-03, as per whose recommendations, among other things, Criminal Investigation Departments (CIDs) were established. The purpose seemed to have been to track better the growing nationalistic activities: CIDs remained almost unchanged till independence.

Punjab Land Alienation Act to prohibit sale of agricultural land to non-peasants was passed in 1900 with a view to protect agriculturists, but it had an overall negative impact.

Bengal Partition. On the pretext of Bengal being too large to be managed efficiently, it was partitioned into two on 16 October 1905: (1)East Bengal plus Assam, and (2)Rest of Bengal (Western Part). The purpose appears to have been communal: create Muslim-majority East. Partition was severely resented, and led to rise of revolutionary movements, including Vande Mataram, Swadeshi, and Boycott Movements. It was ultimately annulled in 1911.

Indian Universities Act 1904 was passed mainly with a view to bring the universities under the government control looking to the increasing patriotic activities of the students and teachers. It also provided for financial grants to universities, that later became a permanent feature under the University Grants Commission.

Under the Ancient Monuments Preservation Act 1904, the Archaeological Department was established, and injuries to the protected monuments was made a punishable offence.

Imperial Cadet Corps came into being in 1901. Northwest Frontier Province (NWFP) was established. The Agriculture Research Institute in Pusa was set up. British Pound @15 rupees was made legal tender in India.

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